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921 earthquake
The 921 earthquake (), also known as Jiji earthquake (), was a 7.3 Ms or 7.6-7.7 Mw earthquake which occurred in Jiji (Chichi, 集集), Nantou County, Taiwan on Tuesday, 21 September 1999 at 01:47:12.6 TST (Monday, 20 September 1999 at 17:47:12.6 UTC). 2,415 people were killed, 11,305 injured, and NT$300 billion (US$10 billion) worth of damage was done. It was the second-deadliest quake in recorded history in Taiwan, after the 1935 Hsinchu-Taichung earthquake.
Rescue groups from around the world joined local relief workers and the ROC military in digging out survivors, clearing rubble, restoring essential services and distributing food and other aid to the more than 100,000 people made homeless by the quake. The disaster, dubbed the "Quake of the Century" by local media, had a profound effect on the economy of the island and the consciousness of the people, and dissatisfaction with government's performance in reacting to it was said by some commentators to be a factor in the unseating of the ruling Kuomintang party in the 2000 Presidential Election.
==Technical data==
The earthquake struck at 01:47:12.6 TST on Tuesday, 21 September 1999 (i.e., 1999-09-21, hence "921"). The epicenter was at 23.77° N latitude, 120.98° E longitude, southwest of Sun Moon Lake, near the town of Jiji, Nantou. The tremor measured 7.6 on the Moment magnitude scale, 7.3 on the Richter scale, and the focal depth was . The Central Weather Bureau recorded a total of 12,911 aftershocks in the month following the main tremor.〔Edmonds and Goldstein, p.17.〕 The earthquake was in an unusual location for Taiwan, which experiences the majority of its earthquakes off the eastern coast, such quakes normally causing little damage.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Earthquake Engineering Research Institute )〕 One of the aftershocks, on September 26, was a strong earthquake in its own right, measuring 6.8 on the Richter scale and causing some already weakened buildings to collapse, killing another three people.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fierce aftershock raises death toll )〕
At the time of the quake Taiwan had the most extensive network of sensors and monitoring stations in the world, resulting in "probably the best data set ever collected for an earthquake".〔 〕 At one station, a peak ground motion of 300 cm/s (3 m/s; 10 ft/s) was recorded, the highest ever measurement taken in an earthquake anywhere.〔 Soil liquefaction was observed at Yuanlin and caused settlement of building foundations and filling in of water wells from sand boils.〔 The earthquake occurred along the Chelongpu Fault () in the western part of the island of Taiwan. The fault stretches along the foothills of the Central Mountains in Nantou County and Taichung County (now part of Taichung City). Some sections of land near the fault were raised as much as . Near Dongshih, near the northern end of the fault, a high waterfall was created by the earthquake.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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